Ngo-2002, indlela yasempuma yeprojekthi yokuphambuka kwamanzi yaseMzantsi-to-North yasungulwa ngokusemthethweni, kwaye kucwangcisiwe ukuhambisa iimitha ezili-14,8 cubice iimitha zamanzi ngonyaka emva kokugqitywa. Ngokwesicwangciso esipheleleyo, isikali sokugqibela samanzi seprojekthi yokuphambuka kwamanzi kumazantsi e-44.8 yezigidigidi zeemitha, kubandakanywa iimitha ezili-13 zeitayile kumgca ophakathi, kunye neemitha ezili-17 zeikubhite ezikumgangatho wentsholongwane. Ixesha lokwakha liya kuthatha iminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-50. Emva kokuba iprojekthi igqityiwe, iya kuba yeyona qela lesikhululo esikhulu sempumlo emhlabeni.
IProjekthi yeProjekthi ye-South-to-North Dom ihamba amanzi ukusuka emazantsi ukuya emantla. Idlulisela amanzi avela kwizinto eziphantsi ukuya kwizinto eziphezulu. Ukoyisa ifuthe lomoya, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa into efana nempompo yamanzi. Ukuze kufezekiswe umthamo wokudluliselwa kwamanzi amashumi amawaka ezigidi zezigidi zeemitha ezingama-cubic, kuthatha ukuba zingaphi iimpompo?
Iprojekthi yokuphambuka kwamanzi yaseMzantsi Afrika yahlulwe yaba yimigca emithathu, empuma nasentshonalanga. Iprojekthi yeMpuma yeMpuma isuselwa ukusuka kwi-finser esezantsi yomfula yeYangtze kwaye ihanjiswa nge-Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal Campaal. Inani lilonke lezikhululo zempompo zamanzi kulo mgca ifikelele kuma-51: Inqanaba lokuqala leprojekthi ngo-2014. Kukho izikhululo ezingama-13, ezili-13 eza kwakhiwa kwiSigaba sesiBini, kwaye ezili-17 ziya kwakhiwa kwisigaba sesithathu
Zinkulu kangakanani ezi mpompo?
Kuxelwe ukuba impompo yamanzi encinci imalunga nemitha enye ephezulu, ngelixa impompo yamanzi amakhulu ziimitha ezi-5.2 iphakamileyo, kwaye ivolumu yokupoma ifikelelene, oko kuthetha ukuba umsebenzi onxulumene nobuchwephesha kakhulu.
Kwiprojekthi yomgca ophakathi, indawo yokuqala yomgca ophakathi yi-danjaiangkou i-roviir, ethe yangaphezulu kwe-100 yeemitha kuneBeijing, kwaye amanzi anokuziqukumbela ngokwakho ngokomxhuzulane.
Eyona nto inzima kwimigca emithathu yiprojekthi yomgca weNtshona, oku kukunkcenkceshela iindawo ezingaphantsi komhlaba entshona nasemantla mpuma ngokuphambukisa amanzi avela kuMlambo u-Dahu. Iimeko ezisentshona zinoburhalarhume, kwaye kunzima kakhulu ukusebenza. Ngethamsanqa, ukuphakama komphambili wasentshona kuphakama, kunjalo kulula ukumpompa amanzi, kodwa kunzima ngakumbi ukubeka amanzi.
Ukukhetha impompo ngowona msebenzi ubalulekileyo nophambili kwinqanaba "lokufunda okwenzeka" koyilo lwesikhululo sempompo. Nokuba ukhetho lwempompo lwamanzi lusengqiqweni okanye aluhambelani neNtloko yeNtloko, ngakumbi utyando lwezoqoqosho phantsi kweNtloko yeNtloko, inxulumene nokuthembeka kweNtloko yeNtloko, kwaye ihambelana nokufakwa, notyalo-mali lweprojekthi.
Ukukhethwa kweempompo zamanzi kubandakanya ukuqwalaselwa kolwakhiwo, kodwa kugxilwe kuthelekiso kunye nokukhethwa kweempawu ze-hydraulic. Kubudlelwane bemathematics, fumana iimpawu zempompo yempompo kunye nempompo yesixhobo sempompo, i-NPSE., Kwaye ukhethe eyona mpompo ifanelekileyo phakathi kweendlela ezikhoyo zempompo. Kwizitishi zokumpompa, iindlela zokungena kunye nezixhobo zempompo zibaluleke kakhulu. Isixhobo sempompo sisigxina sempompo yamanzi, kwaye yimpompo yamanzi aqhelekileyo ". Kuyimfuneko ukufumanisa iimpawu zesitishi sokuhambahamba kunye nesixhobo sempompo kubudlelwane bemathematics, kwaye wenze ukhetho olufanelekileyo.
Impompo yokugebenga ineqela lobugcisa lokukunceda ukhethe impompo elungileyo yendawo yakho yesicelo.
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IXESHA LOKUQALA: UMar-08-2023